Anil Seth

We are joined by Anil Seth for a deep dive into the science, philosophy, and ethics surrounding the topic of AI and consciousness. Anil outlines and defends his view that the brain is not a computer, or at least not a digital computer, and explains why he is sceptical that merely making AI systems smarter or more capable will produce consciousness. Anil Seth is a neuroscientist, author, and professor at the University of Sussex, where he directs the Centre for Consciousness Science. His research spans many topics, including the neuroscience and philosophy of consciousness, perception, and selfhood, with a focus on understanding how our brains construct our conscious experiences. His bestselling book B eing You: A New Science of Consciousness was published in 2021. He is the English-language winner of the 2025 Berggruen Prize Essay Competition for his essay “ The Mythology of Conscious AI ”, which develops ideas in his recent article, “ Conscious Artificial Intelligence and Biological Naturalism .” Conspicuous Cognition is a reader-supported publication. To receive all new posts, access the complete archive, and support my work, consider becoming a paid subscriber. Topics * What we mean by “consciousness” (subjective experience / “what it’s like”) vs intelligence. * Whether general anaesthesia and dreamless sleep are true “no consciousness” baselines. * Psychological biases pushing us to ascribe consciousness to AI * How impressive current AI/LLMs really are, and whether “stochastic parrots” is too dismissive * Whether LLMs “understand”, and the role of embodiment/grounding in genuine understanding * Computational functionalism: consciousness as computation + substrate-independence, and alternative functionalist flavours * Main objections to computational functionalism * Whether the brain is a computer * Simulation vs instantiation * Arguments for biological naturalism * Predictive processing and the free energy principle * What evidence could move the debate * The ethics surrounding AI consciousness and welfare. Transcript (Please note that this transcript is AI-edited and may contain minor errors). Dan Williams: Welcome back. I’m Dan Williams, back with Henry Shevlin. And today we are honoured to be joined by the great Anil Seth. Anil is one of our most influential and insightful neuroscientists and public intellectuals, working on a wide range of different topics, including the focus of today’s conversation, which is consciousness — and more specifically, the question of AI and consciousness. Could AI systems, either as they exist today or as they might develop over the coming years and decades, be conscious? Could they have subjective experiences? In a series of publications that have been getting a lot of attention from scientists and philosophers, Anil has been defending a somewhat sceptical answer to that question, arguing that consciousness might be essentially entangled with life — with biological properties and processes of living organisms — which, if true, would suggest that no matter how intelligent AI systems become, they would nevertheless not become conscious. He’s also argued that the consequences of getting this question wrong in either direction — attributing consciousness where there is none, or failing to attribute consciousness when there is — are enormous: socially, politically, morally. So in this conversation, we’re going to be asking Anil to elaborate on this perspective, see what the arguments are, and generally pick his brain about the

Humans are built for pattern recognition. It is the engine behind perception, emotion, and the fragile sense of self that feels so solid from the inside. For Anil Seth, this pattern-making power explains why consciousness is not a light inside but a process the brain assembles from guesses about the world. And it matters that each of us perceives that world differently. In this episode of Futurology, Seth talks with Nils Gilman about what these differences reveal about the nature of consciousness and why they matter for the debate over artificial minds. LLMs are pattern-recognition machines of a different kind, uncanny enough to gain our sympathy but Seth argues there is no there there. Caring for conscious AI could quickly become more than a harmless curiosity. It may turn into a zero-sum game that diminishes how we treat one another long before the machines ‘wake up’ in any meaningful way, if that is even possible at all. Anil Seth Anil Seth’s Website: https://www.anilseth.com/ Instagram: @profanilseth https://www.instagram.com/profanilseth/ BlueSky @anilseth.bsky.social https://bsky.app/profile/anilseth.bsky.social Twitter: https://x.com/anilkseth An Essay Concerning Human Understanding — John Locke (Book, 1689) How to Change Your Mind About Psychedelics — Michael Pollan (Book, 2018) Ex Machina — Alex Garland (Film, 2014) The Perception Census — Anil Seth et al. (Online Study, Ongoing) The Dress — Viral Internet Illusion (Internet Phenomenon, 2015) Müller-Lyer Illusion — Franz Carl Müller-Lyer (Visual Illusion, 1889) Want to share suggestions or feedback? Email futurology@berggruen.org Keep up to Date with the Berggruen Institute at: https://www.berggruen.org Instagram : / berggrueninst Twitter/X : / berggrueninst Facebook : / berggrueninst LinkedIn : / berggrueninst Bluesky /futurologypod Credits Executive Producers: Nicolas Berggruen, Nathan Gardels, Nils Gilman, Dawn Nakagawa, and Jason Hoch. Producers: Grant Slater, Alex Gardels, and Nathalia Ramos. Associate Producer: Elissa Mardiney Theme Music: Marcus Bagala. Audio Engineer: Aaron Bastinelli Futurology is a production of Studio B and Wavland and distributed by Realm.

Anil Seth and Michael Levin debate whether brains are computers, how consciousness relates to substrate, and if algorithms can ever capture life and mind. Levin argues machines can access a platonic space of agency via embodied interfaces, xenobots, and compositional agents, while Seth challenges the software-hardware split using information theory, Granger causality, and psychophysics. Together they probe islands of awareness, degeneracy, bubble-sort side quests, LLM surprises, alignment, and how to ask better scientific questions. - 00:00 - Anil Seth & Michael Levin: Islands of Consciousness & Xenobots - 08:24 - Substrate Dependence: Why Biology Isn't Just 'Wetware' - 13:13 - Beyond Algorithms: Do Machines Tap Into a 'Platonic Space'? - 21:46 - The Ghost in the Algorithm: Emergent Agency in Bubble Sort - 29:26 - Degeneracy: The Biological Principle AI is Missing - 36:34 - The Multiplicity of Agency: Are Your Cells Conscious? - 43:24 - Unconscious Processing or Inaccessible Consciousness? The Split-Brain Problem - 49:32 - The Ultimate Experiment to Decode Consciousness - 57:31 - A Counter-Intuitive Discovery: Consciousness is Less Emergent - 1:03:39 - Psychedelics, LLMs, and the Frontiers of Surprise SPONSORS: - HelloFresh: Get 10 Free Meals + a Free Item for Life. One per box with active subscription; free meals applied as discount on first box; new subscribers only; varies by plan. http://HelloFresh.com/THEORIESOFEVERYTHING10FM - Claude: 50% off Claude Pro, including Claude Code. http://claude.ai/theoriesofeverything RESOURCES: - Michael Levin [TOE]: https://youtu.be/c8iFtaltX-s - Anil Seth [TOE]: https://youtu.be/_hUEqXhDbVs - Geoffrey Hinton [TOE]: https://youtu.be/b_DUft-BdIE - Living Things Are Not Machines [Article]: https://www.noemamag.com/living-things-are-not-machines-also-they-totally-are/ - Classical Sorting Algorithms [Paper]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.05375 - Michael Levin and Anna Ciaunica [TOE]: https://youtu.be/2aLhkm6QUgA - Being You: A New Science of Consciousness [Book]: https://www.amazon.com/Being-You-New-Science-Consciousness/dp/1524742872/ref=tmm_hrd_swatch_0 - The Consciousness Iceberg [TOE]: https://youtu.be/65yjqIDghEk - Iain McGilchrist [TOE]: https://youtu.be/Q9sBKCd2HD0 - Matt Segall [TOE]: https://youtu.be/DeTm4fSXpbM - Andres Gomez-Emilsson [TOE]: https://youtu.be/gi08eVU_-f8 - MIT's Augmentation Summit: https://augmentationlab.org/summit - Granger Causality Analysis [Paper]: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25716830/ - Dynamical Independence [Paper]: https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.99.022143 Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal features long-form, technically detailed interviews with leading researchers in physics, mathematics, consciousness, and philosophy, exploring topics at the level of active research. For academics, graduate students, and anyone seeking depth beyond popular science. SPONSOR: I personally subscribe to The Economist. TOE listeners get 35% off the annual subscription. No other podcast has this! https://economist.com/TOE FOLLOW: Substack | Spotify | YouTube | Twitter Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Im neuen ZEIT-Podcast Nur eine Frage stellen wir einfache, aber grundlegende Fragen, die viele von uns umtreiben, auf die eine klare Antwort oft schwer zu finden ist. Wir befragen die bestmögliche Expertin, den bestmöglichen Experten, den wir für das jeweilige Thema finden können – so lange, bis wir eine definitive Antwort bekommen. Diese Version des Podcasts ist nicht das englische Original – sondern eine mit einer KI-Software weitgehend automatisiert übersetzte Variante. Auch die Stimmen von Anil Seth und Jochen Wegner sind nicht echt. Anil Seth hat unserem kleinen Experiment zugestimmt. In der ersten Folge von Nur eine Frage stellen wir dem britischen Neurowissenschaftler Anil Seth eine der grundlegendsten Fragen überhaupt: "Gibt es mich wirklich?" Anil Seth wurde 1972 in Oxford geboren. Seit über 20 Jahren erforscht der Neurowissenschaftler das Phänomen des Bewusstseins. In seinem Buch Being You – A New Science of Consciousness hat er seine Theorie des Bewusstseins erläutert. Grundgedanke von Seths Bewusstseinstheorie ist: Das Gehirn beobachtet die Welt nicht passiv, sondern es ist genau umgekehrt: Es erschafft sich aktiv die Welt. Seth nennt das "kontrollierte Halluzinationen". Aber was passiert, wenn das Gehirn in Narkose versetzt wird? Ist Bewusstsein ein Kontinuum, oder ist es entweder an oder aus? Außerdem hat Anil Seth sich viele Gedanken über die Seele gemacht und darüber, ob KI-Systeme wie ChatGPT schon über ein Selbstbewusstsein verfügen. Seine abschließende Antwort auf die zentrale Frage des Podcasts, ob "Ich wirklich existiere" lautet: "Nein. Aber …" Aber, weil: Das Ich ist nicht wie ein Stein oder ein Tisch. Aber es ist dennoch so real wie beispielsweise die Farben. Eigentlich gibt es auch sie nicht, sondern nur elektromagnetische Strahlung. Trotzdem sehen wir Farben. Genauso ist es mit dem Ich. Produktion: Pool Artists Redaktion: Jens Lubbadeh Alle Folgen unseres Podcasts finden Sie hier . Fragen, Kritik, Anregungen? Schreiben Sie eine Mail an n1f@zeit.de .

Im neuen ZEIT-Podcast Nur eine Frage stellen wir einfache, aber grundlegende Fragen, die viele von uns umtreiben, auf die eine klare Antwort oft schwer zu finden ist. Wir befragen die bestmögliche Expertin, den bestmöglichen Experten, den wir für das jeweilige Thema finden können – so lange, bis wir eine definitive Antwort bekommen. In der ersten Folge von Nur eine Frage stellen wir dem britischen Neurowissenschaftler Anil Seth eine der grundlegendsten Fragen überhaupt: "Gibt es mich wirklich?" Anil Seth wurde 1972 in Oxford geboren. Seit über 20 Jahren erforscht der Neurowissenschaftler das Phänomen des Bewusstseins. In seinem Buch Being You – A New Science of Consciousness hat er seine Theorie des Bewusstseins erläutert. Grundgedanke von Seths Bewusstseinstheorie ist: Das Gehirn beobachtet die Welt nicht passiv, sondern es ist genau umgekehrt: Es erschafft sich aktiv die Welt. Seth nennt das "kontrollierte Halluzinationen". Aber was passiert, wenn das Gehirn in Narkose versetzt wird? Ist Bewusstsein ein Kontinuum, oder ist es entweder an oder aus? Außerdem hat Anil Seth sich viele Gedanken über die Seele gemacht und darüber, ob KI-Systeme wie ChatGPT schon über ein Selbstbewusstsein verfügen. Seine abschließende Antwort auf die zentrale Frage des Podcasts, ob "Ich wirklich existiere" lautet: "Nein. Aber …" Aber, weil: Das Ich ist nicht wie ein Stein oder ein Tisch. Aber es ist dennoch so real wie beispielsweise die Farben. Eigentlich gibt es auch sie nicht, sondern nur elektromagnetische Strahlung. Trotzdem sehen wir Farben. Genauso ist es mit dem Ich. Produktion: Pool Artists Redaktion: Jens Lubbadeh Videoproduktion: Claudius Dobs Animation: Axel Rudolph Alle Folgen unseres Podcasts finden Sie hier . Fragen, Kritik, Anregungen? Schreiben Sie eine Mail an n1f@zeit.de .

Im neuen ZEIT-Podcast Nur eine Frage stellt Jochen Wegner, Chefredakteur der ZEIT, einfache, aber grundlegende Fragen, die viele von uns umtreiben, auf die eine klare Antwort oft schwer zu finden ist. Er befragt die bestmögliche Expertin, den bestmöglichen Experten, den er für das jeweilige Thema finden konnte – so lange, bis er eine definitive Antwort bekommt. In der ersten Folge von Nur eine Frage stellen wir dem britischen Neurowissenschaftler Anil Seth eine der grundlegendsten Fragen überhaupt: "Gibt es mich wirklich?". Anil Seth wurde 1972 in Oxford geboren. Seit über 20 Jahren erforscht der Neurowissenschaftler das Phänomen des Bewusstseins. In seinem Buch Being You - A New Science of Consciousness hat er seine Theorie des Bewusstseins erläutert. Grundgedanke von Seths Bewusstseinstheorie ist: Das Gehirn beobachtet die Welt nicht passiv, sondern es ist genau umgekehrt: Es erschafft sich aktiv die Welt. Seth nennt das "kontrollierte Halluzinationen". Aber was passiert, wenn das Gehirn in Narkose gesetzt wird? Ist Bewusstsein ein Kontinuum oder ist es entweder an oder aus? Außerdem hat Anil Seth sich viele Gedanken über die Seele gemacht und ob KI-Systeme wie ChatGPT schon über ein Selbstbewusstsein verfügen. Seine abschließende Antwort auf die zentrale Frage des Podcasts, ob "Ich wirklich existiere" lautet: "Nein. Aber …" Aber, weil: Das Ich ist nicht wie ein Stein oder ein Tisch. Aber es ist dennoch so real wie beispielsweise die Farben. Eigentlich gibt es auch sie nicht, sondern nur elektromagnetische Strahlung. Trotzdem sehen wir Farben. Genauso ist es mit dem Ich. Produktion: Pool Artists Redaktion: Jens Lubbadeh Alle Folgen unseres Podcasts finden Sie hier . Fragen, Kritik, Anregungen? Schreiben Sie eine Mail an n1f@zeit.d e. Seit dem 15.01.2025 sind Teile des Archivs von Alles gesagt? nur noch exklusiv mit einem Digital- oder Podcastabo der ZEIT zu hören – auf zeit.de , auf Apple Podcasts und auf Spotify. Ein kostenloses Probeabo können Sie hier abschließen. Wie Sie Ihr Abo mit Spotify oder Apple Podcasts verbinden, lesen Sie hie r . [ANZEIGE] Mehr über die Angebote unserer Werbepartnerinnen und -partner finden Sie HIER . [ANZEIGE] Mehr hören? Dann testen Sie unser Podcastabo mit Zugriff auf alle Dokupodcasts und unser Podcastarchiv. Jetzt 4 Wochen kostenl os testen . Und falls Sie uns nicht nur hören, sondern auch lesen möchten, testen Sie jetzt 4 Wochen kostenlos DIE ZEIT. Hier geht's zum Ange bot .

What is consciousness...and, is it changing? On this episode of Giant Leap Taylor Wilson and Joey Lovato talk about the future of the brain with world-renowned neuroscientist Anil Seth. Together they explore some of the mysteries around the brain, the science of awareness, and the complicated ethical and technical discussions unfolding at the place where artificial intelligence meets human consciousness. This episode is a deep dive into the neuroscience of consciousness, and the technology driving discoveries -- mind and machine. If you're interested in consciousness, AI and the mind, if AI can really think, or even how quantum processes could be involved in the machinations of the human brain, tune in. Available wherever you get your podcasts . OR subscribe to watch every episode in Taylor’s lab right here on YouTube. Website: https://giantleappodcast.org Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/giant-leap-with-taylor-wilson/id1799994450 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5BNeMj71sURs28GrNuhQel?si=7abc48e9aac9495a YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2UHQ96am5_mSwYWVzie12A Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/c/GiantLeapPodcast/home Featuring: Anil Seth - Neuroscientist and professor of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience at the University of Sussex Taylor Wilson - Nuclear physicist and host of Giant Leap Joey Lovato - Journalist and co-host of Giant Leap Being You by Anil Seth available here: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Being-You-Science-Consciousness-Bestseller/dp/0571337724/ Keywords: Anil Seth consciousness, brain and AI, neuroscience of consciousness, what is consciousness, is AI conscious, how the brain works, artificial intelligence and the brain, neuroscience podcast, science explained, philosophy of mind, mind vs machine, future of AI, science of awareness Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Neuroscientist Anil Seth explores how the brain constructs our sense of self and reality in Episode 94 of Brave New World with Vasant Dhar, offering insights on the boundary between perception and consciousness. Useful Resources: 1. Anil Seth 2. Being You: A New Science Of Consciousness – Anil Seth. 3. TED Talk: Your Brain Hallucinates Your Conscious Reality – Anil Seth. 4. Predictive Coding 5. Hermann Helmhotz and Unconscious Interference . 6. Priming In Psychology . 7. Reality Is A Controlled Hallucination – Anil Seth. 8. Computational Functionalism . 9. How The Mind Works – Steven Pinker. 10. Ned Block, Co-Director, Centre for Mind, Brain and Consciousness, NYU . 11. Thomas Nagel . 12. Claude Shannon and Information Theory . 13. David Chalmers, Co-Director, Centre for Mind, Brain and Consciousness, NYU . 14. Panel Discussion at The World Science Festival , Moderated By Brain Green . 15. Stevan Harnard and the Symbol Grounding Problem . 16. Pippa Ehrlich On The Mysteries of The Sea – Episode 77 Of Brave New World. 17. A Tiger For Malgudi – RK Narayan. 18. Kevin Mitchell Makes A Case For Free Will – Episode 80 Of Brave New World. 19. Marcello Massimini 20. Robert Sapolsky . 21. Robert Sapolsky on Free Will . 20. Compatibilism . 21. The Emergent Properties of The Connected Brain . 22. Aaron Schurger . 23. Benjamin Libett . 24. Readiness Potential . Check

Hvad vil det sige at være dig? Hvorfor oplever vi - som mennesker - verden, som vi gør? Vil vi nogensinde virkelig være i stand til at forstå, hvordan andre levende væsener oplever verden omkring dem? Og vil kunstig intelligens en dag også have en bevidsthed? EXTRAORDINARYs vært Jonathan Løw taler med professor, hjerneforsker og bestsellerforfatter Anil Seth om bevidsthedens fascinerende videnskab og hemmeligheder. Episoden er på engelsk. Hvorfor skal du lytte til/se denne episode? - For at forstå hvad det vil sige at være bevidst - For at finde ud af, om AI er bevidst eller nogensinde vil blive det - For at lære, hvordan din hjerne hallucinerer din virkelighed - For at lære om den utrolige videnskab om bevidsthed. ANIL SETH Anil Seth er en britisk neuroforsker og professor i kognitiv og computerbaseret neurovidenskab ved University of Sussex. Anil Seth er forfatter til en række bestsellere, herunder hans seneste bog 'Being You'. Husk at klikke på FØLG/FOLLOW, så du ikke misser nye episoder af EXTRAORDINARY podcasten.

How does our Brain Shape Reality? “What we experience in this world is our predictions, not the actual reality”. Dr.Anil Seth In this thought-provoking episode, we delve into the concept of "controlled hallucinations" with the renowned Dr. Anil Seth, whose groundbreaking work explores how the brain constructs our perception of reality. Drawing on themes from Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason , the discussion sheds light on how our experiences are shaped by predictions rather than direct access to objective reality. Dana Pettaway, one of my graduate students, also shared her perspective, offering fresh insights into the philosophical and practical implications of these ideas. Dr. Seth explains how the brain constantly interprets sensory data through a predictive framework, crafting what we perceive as the world around us. But what does it mean to live in a reality that’s largely shaped by our brain’s guesses? Is there a true, objective reality we can ever access? From simple moments like savoring coffee to profound states of altered consciousness, Dr. Seth illustrates how predictions color every experience. We also examine the role of emotions and the body in perception. Emotions, as Dr. Seth notes, are not separate from rationality but integral to how we interpret the world. Anxiety, for example, can heighten predictions of danger, altering how we perceive reality. Similarly, the body’s physical state—whether we’re fatigued or in pain—directly influences the brain’s predictive processes. Failures of prediction, such as those seen in hallucinations or delusions, reveal the fragile balance within the brain’s predictive mechanisms. How can these insights shape our understanding of mental health? Can we harness this knowledge to develop better treatments for anxiety, PTSD, or even psychosis? Dr. Seth discusses practical applications, from improving mental health interventions to revolutionizing fields like AI and virtual reality. Don’t miss this fascinating blend of neuroscience, philosophy, and practical insights as we explore how our brains define the very fabric of our reality. *Act of kindness suggested by guests: Give your time freely to somebody; Slow down and give people your full attention ----------------------------- Dr. Anil Seth is a Professor of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience at the University of Sussex and Co-Director of the Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science. He is a pioneering researcher in the fields of consciousness and perception, focusing on how the brain generates our sense of self and reality. Dr. Seth is the Editor-in-Chief of Neuroscience of Consciousness and the author of the widely acclaimed book Being You: A New Science of Consciousness, which was shortlisted for several awards. His work has been featured in leading academic journals and popular media, making him a sought-after speaker on the science of consciousness and its philosophical implications. ----------------------------- As part of encouraging act of kindness, Professor P Podcast donates monthly to Animal Love Rescue center, located in Costa Rica. Animal love is a no-kill rescue center, a non-profit organization with a clear mission: to save animals’ lives, stop cruelty through education, adoption, and rehoming. In the last 18 years, these 16 compassionate individuals have dedicated themselves to giving hurt and neglected animals a loving home where they can thrive, feel cherished, and be supported. For more information visit their website: https://animallove.cr/

I’ve been always fascinated by the topic of consciousness, and today we’re diving deep. Anil Seth is a Professor of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience at the University of Sussex and a Co-Director of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Program on Brain, Mind, and Consciousness. His book Being You: A New Science of Consciousness was a Sunday Times Top 10 Bestseller and was named as a book of the year by Economist, Guardian, Bloomberg, and Financial Times. In this episode, we also discuss the notion of reality, how we perceive and interact with it, and what we can do to change our experience if we choose so. Enjoy my conversation with Anil Seth. Follow Karina: Karina Barton (@karinabarton_) • Instagram photos and videos Follow Anil: Anil Seth – Neuroscientist

"In that famous example of the dress, half of the people in the world saw [blue and black], half saw [white and gold]. It turns out there’s individual differences in how brains take into account ambient light. Colour is one example where it’s pretty clear that what we experience is a kind of inference: it’s the brain’s best guess about what’s going on in some way out there in the world. And that’s the claim that I’ve taken on board as a general hypothesis for consciousness: that all our perceptual experiences are inferences about something we don’t and cannot have direct access to." —Anil Seth In today’s episode, host Luisa Rodriguez speaks to Anil Seth — director of the Sussex Centre for Consciousness Science — about how much we can learn about consciousness by studying the brain. Links to learn more, highlights, and full transcript. They cover: What groundbreaking studies with split-brain patients and blindsight have already taught us about the nature of consciousness. Anil’s theory that our perception is a “controlled hallucination” generated by our predictive brains. Whether looking for the parts of the brain that correlate with consciousness is the right way to learn about what consciousness is. Whether our theories of human consciousness can be applied to nonhuman animals. Anil’s thoughts on whether machines could ever be conscious. Disagreements and open questions in the field of consciousness studies, and what areas Anil is most excited to explore next. And much more. Chapters: Cold open (00:00:00) Luisa’s intro (00:01:02) The interview begins (00:02:42) How expectations and perception affect consciousness (00:03:05) How the brain makes sense of the body it’s within (00:21:33) Psychedelics and predictive processing (00:32:06) Blindsight and visual consciousness (00:36:45) Split-brain patients (00:54:56) Overflow experiments (01:05:28) How much can we learn about consciousness from empirical research? (01:14:23) Which parts of the brain are responsible for conscious experiences? (01:27:37) Current state and disagreements in the study of consciousness (01:38:36) Digital consciousness (01:55:55) Consciousness in nonhuman animals (02:18:11) What’s next for Anil (02:30:18) Luisa’s outro (02:32:46) Producer: Keiran Harris Audio engineering: Ben Cordell, Milo McGuire, Simon Monsour, and Dominic Armstrong Content editing: Luisa Rodriguez, Katy Moore, and Keiran Harris Transcriptions: Katy Moore